No person could write a book of this type without being obligated to many other minds, some contemporary, but most in the past. All explorers must stand on the shoulders of those who have gone before. This is especially true when theories are to be modified or extended. An attempt has been made to give suitable acknowledgment wherever this has happened, but a general acknowledgment is also appropriate here. To such men as Freud, Erikson, Sullivan, Kubie, Piaget, Bruner, and Guilford I am greatly indebted, and it should be understood that this author assumes responsibility whenever extension of their theories has been suggested.

I wish to acknowledge the courtesy of many authors, copyright holders and publishers for permission to use selections of their works to illustrate points. Similarly acknowledgment is made of the courtesy of copyright holders of my own previous works, such as Ann Isaacs, C. C. Thomas, David McKay, and John Wiley and Sons, for permission to use, abridge, expand, modify and develop material and themes initially presented by them. I also thank co-authors George Demos, Paul Torrance, Norma Jean Groth, Kay Bruch and Charlotte Morrison for the use of material jointly developed.

The following permissions to use copyrighted material are acknowledged with appreciation: The Journal of Humanistic Psychology, San Francisco, for permission to use extensive quotes from Dr. Hallman; The Gifted Child Quarterly, C. C. Thomas and John Wiley and Sons for permission to use quotations from my writings to which they hold title; the following for shorter quotations from the authors noted: The Structurist, Saskatoon (Maslow), Basic Books, N. Y. (Arieti), Coward McCann, N. Y. (Lowen), Farrar, Straus, Giroux, N. Y. (Schneider), Harper and Row, N. Y. (Erikson, Hilgard), Institute of Man, Pittsburgh (Cohn, Sadler, Whalley), International Universities Press, N. Y. (Hitschman), Journal Press, Provincetown (Gutman), Litton Educational Publishing Co., N. Y. (Barron, Flavell), McCall Publishing Co., N. Y. (Spock), John Mann, Livonia, N. Y. (Jourard, Greenwald), W. W. Norton Co., N. Y. (Erikson), Science and Technology, Stamford, Conn. (Kubie), University of Kansas Press (Kubie), Van Nostrand Co., N. Y. (Barron), and John Wiley and Sons, N. Y. (Getzels, Jackson, Ghiselin, Mogar).

A special acknowledgment is in order to Sybil Richardson, my sometime academic twin, former colleague and constant friend. Her careful editing of the original manuscript exceeded the bounds of mere reading, for many of the less awkward phrasings and more felicitous renderings of half-born ideas are hers. Without her care and attention this book would have been far less lucid, and deep appreciation is extended to her.

Other acknowledgments go to Charles Bish, Carroll Locke, Clifton Winn, Charlotte Malone, and Joyce Sonntag who read the manuscript and made helpful suggestions; to Frances Caldwell who did the figures and diagrams; to Bessie Georgius and Karen Gottfurcht who typed the manuscript and Marilyn Shields who did the indexing; and to my wife Jane who provided the emotional climate which made it possible in the first place.

J. C. G.
Northridge
October, 1971